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The Ruling Class

Gaetano Mosca

Elite theory

It is a foundational text of elite theory, establishing the framework that Pareto and Michels would extend and that still anchors realist political sociology.

Synopsis

A founding work of elite theory arguing that in every society an organized minority inevitably rules over a disorganized majority.

Core passage idea

Paraphrase · Modern copyrighted work

In all societies a small organized minority governs the unorganized many, because organization and shared interest always defeat scattered numbers.

It punctures the democratic myth of majority rule by insisting that power always concentrates in a cohesive ruling minority.

To avoid a bubble

Pair with The Federalist Papers.

Reading note

Read Mosca as a realist describing how power actually distributes, while watching for his own preference for a balanced, accountable elite.

Best paired with

The Federalist Papers

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