ModernIntermediateBook

The Managerial Revolution

James Burnham

Elite theory / political sociology

A provocative theory that modern societies are increasingly ruled by managers and bureaucratic elites.

About the author

American political theorist (1905–1987), a former Marxist who became an influential conservative. The Managerial Revolution (1941) argued that both capitalism and socialism were giving way to a new order ruled by managers and administrators — the controllers of large organisations — rather than owners or workers. The book influenced George Orwell's geopolitics in Nineteen Eighty-Four and anticipated debates about technocracy and the administrative state.

Synopsis

An argument that capitalism and socialism may both be giving way to managerial rule.

Core passage idea

Paraphrase · Modern copyrighted work

Burnham argues that managers and administrators become a new ruling class.

This complicates both capitalism and socialism by focusing on bureaucratic and managerial power.

To avoid a bubble

Pair with Marxist class theory or liberal market theory.

Reading note

Provocative, useful for elite theory, but not a settled diagnosis.

Best paired with

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto.

Find this book