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The Kingdom of God Is Within You

Leo Tolstoy

Christian anarchism / nonviolence

A radical Christian critique of violence, state power, militarism, and institutional religion.

About the author

Russian novelist and moral philosopher (1828–1910), who after writing War and Peace and Anna Karenina underwent a religious conversion and became a radical Christian anarchist and pacifist. The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894) argues that the literal teaching of Jesus — nonresistance to evil by force — condemns the state, war, and coercion altogether. The book directly shaped Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolent resistance.

Synopsis

A Christian anarchist argument that true Christianity conflicts with violence, coercive state authority, and war.

Core passage idea

Paraphrase · Public domain

Tolstoy argues that Christian nonresistance undermines the moral legitimacy of violence and state coercion.

This forces a hard question: can Christian ethics be reconciled with political violence?

To avoid a bubble

Pair with Hobbes, Weber, or realist accounts of political violence.

Reading note

Important for religion, pacifism, anarchism, and critiques of state violence.

Best paired with

Max Weber, Politics as a Vocation.

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